james burke

• ingiliz bilim tarihçisi ve nazarımda bir yirmibirinci yüzyıl peygamberi.
  
  kendisi hakkında aylardır yazmak istiyor ancak kendisini halen yeterince kavrayamamış olmanın verdiği eziklikle tek bir kelime dahi yazamıyordum. herkesin tanıması ve bilmesi gereken bir insan olduğunu düşündüğümden bu probleme bir çözüm olarak, kendisinin 2002 senesinde cornell üniversitesinde verdiği bir konuşmanın şimdilik deşifre ettiğim kadarının transkriptini yazarak başlamayı uygun gördüm.
  
  kendisinin ne dedigini anlaya baslamak icin ozet bir yazisi http://www.forbes.com/asap/2000/1002/278.html adresinde bulunabilir.
  
  eğer ki biraz dahi olsa "yarın ne olacak" diye düşünen bir insansanız, james burke'ü tanımıyor olmanın hayatınızdaki eksikliğini kendisini tanıdıktan sonra fark edeceksiniz.
  
  çok önemli işleri connections ve the day the universe changed isimli onar bölümlük iki belgesel olmakla beraber, scientific american'da yazdığı yazılar, beyin üzerine yaptığı the neuron suite ve diğer birçok belgeseli de internetten bulunabilir. ayrıca halka hizmet adına tüm bu belgeselleri isteyen herkese bilaücret ulaştırmak da kendimi topluma faydalı kılmak adına üstlendiğim bir misyondur, sağlam bant genişliği olanlara download, olmayanlara da eve dvd postalamak suretiyle üstesinden gelmeyi düşündüğüm bu görevin ne kadar önemli olduğunun ise ancak aşağıdaki konuşmayı okuduktan sonra anlaşılacağını düşünüyorum.
• "it's no use giving information technology to everybody and that's all, just give them the toys and let them play. it would be like putting a loaded machine gun into the hands of an ape.
  
  first of all i think, in the chaotic and innovatory world of tomorrow if we try to organize ourselves with the old ways of division of labor top-down method, there will be anarchy. because in that old culture of scarcity the way control was maintained, stability was kept through the application of what you might describe as "mushroom management": keep them in the dark, and feed them a lot of manure.
  
  and anyway it's too late for that. people anywhere already know that they know just enough to know, that there's still a lot they don't know, but they need to. a lot of people out there working out various ways of making knowledge available in what you might call a "post-reductionist" form. that's the fancy word for it. i took it off the web. that match the kind of thinking the technology makes possible."
• soyledikleri hakkinda ozet bir fikir edinmek icin http://www.forbes.com/asap/2000/1002/278.html adresine bakilabilir.
• http://video.google.com/…9795&q=james burke&pl=true
• connections ve the day the universe changed adli onar bolumluk belgesellerinde bilimin ve sosyal insanin gelisimini sahane sekilde, birbirleriyle olan baglantilariyla anlatan tarihci.
• "you might be able to lift the limitations of conforming to any centralised representational form of government, originally invented because there was no way for everybody's voice to be heard.
  
  you might be able to give everybody unhindered, untested access to knowledge, because a computer would do the day to day work for which we once qualified the select few, in an educational system originally designed for a world where only the few could be taught.
  
  you might end the regimentation of people living and working in vast, unmanageable cities, uniting them instead in an electronic community where the himalayas and manhattan are only split seconds apart
  you might, with that and much more, break the mold that has held us back since the beginning.
  
  in a future world that we would describe as balanced anarchy and they will describe as an open society, tolerant of every view; aware that there is no single, privileged way of doing things; above all, able to do away with the greatest tragedy of our era: the centuries old waste of human talent that we couldn't or wouldn't use.
  
  utopia? why?
  
  if, as i've said all along, the universe is, at any time, what you say it is, then say! ... "
  
  the day the universe changed (1985)
  part 10: changing knowledge, changing reality
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qgnpyg0iou (42:28)
• en erken 2042 yılında olmak üzere 21. yüzyılın ortalarında dünyamızın 'nanofabrikatör' adı verilen yeni bir makine tarafından yeniden şekillendirileceğini düşünen bilim tarihçisi, yazar ve televizyon programı yapımcısı. makineye su ve toprak gibi çeşitli ham maddeler koyup gerisini nanofabrikatöre bırakacağız. evinizi kaplayan esnek fotovoltaik panellerden enerji alan makine, ham maddelerle atom seviyesinde oynayarak ham maddeleri moleküllerine ayıracak ve istediğiniz herhangi bir şeyi üretecek. bu bir yiyecek, bilgisayar veya albüm kopyası olabilir. gereken tek şey ham maddeleri bulup üretim için taslak sağlayabilmek.
• james burke'ün 2002 yılında cornell üniversitesinde verdiği konuşmanın elimden geldiğince çıkarttığım transkripti aşağıdadır.
  
  teknoloji, geçmiş ve bugünümüz arasındaki bağlantılar, bugünkü kurumsal yapılarımızdaki problemler ve internetin gelişiyle ortaya çıkacak daha büyük problemler üzerine çok masif, çok compress edilmiş veriyi bulacağınız bu knouşmanın tamamını ve james burke'ün diğer işleri ile ilgili bilgi için benimle kontak kurmaktan ya da google'ı kurcalamaktan çekinmeyin.
  
  ingilizcesini türkçeye çevirecek ne vaktim ne de ingilizceme güvenim olduğundan, o işi bir başkasına bırakıyorum.
  
  tüm yazım, semantik, gramer hataları bana aittir. james burke aslında derdini şahane anlatmıştır.
  
  "don't get too excited. this is not the edited version on tv. this is much lower.
  
  as some of you probably knows, i have kind of wasted the last 35 years of my life as a science historian and a journalist making tv programs and writing books and columns about technological change and its social effects.
  
  first, in order for you to be able to get into perspective with what i'm going to say this morning two things.
  
  number 1: i make television programs for a mass audience if you want the horse's mouth stuff talk to your faculty. i'm just here to rattle your cage.
  
  second thing i want to tell you is to remind you the thing that was said by the late great mark twain, when he might have been talking about people like my profession, he said "in the real world, the right thing never happens in the right place and the right time. it is the task of journalists and historians to rectify this error."
  
  so i want to rectify this morning a few things about the general social and historical context of change. and the process is exercising about in the minds of people these days that is what the technology coming down the pike is going to do to us, how to best prepare for it and why that has not been easy up until now.
  
  and i want to argue that the high rates of innovation we live with today and the historical difficulty we have had in *predicting* change accurately up to now and finally the opportunities the coming technologies may offer to take a really different approach to knowledge management, all spring from one creative moment 500 years ago, well it probably springs from a dozen but i choose one. when somebody triggerred all this shmear with it today, with a solution to a local contemporary problem back then, then changed the world.
  
  but let me start with the problem of predicting the future because, if you get that right, you've got it made. grades, degrees.. that stuff.
  
  the unfortunate problem about the future is, if you think about it, it hasn't happened yet. and, never will, if you get my drift. the great danish quantum physicist neil bohr once said with great prespacasity: "prediction is extremely difficult, especially about the future." i don't think it was just danish humor. although, it could've been. i think he was talking more about the humongous number of variables involved in any change.
  
  and those variables have multiplide through history. once upon a time, not that long ago, decision making was simple. you would have any color model t ford, as long as it was black. today, by the time you get'round to reading the manual, there's been an upgrade. if, you can read the manual in the first place.
  
  by the time you decide to use a new piece of software, it's already obsolete. by the time the high schools are teaching material that they need to keep up with innovation, the material is already out of date. and as a consequence the reaction of the average person on the street and the many people in business and institutions to the flood of technology that hits us everyday, reminds me very much of the depressive who takes a couple of days off to get out of the clinic, to go to the beach, get himself a tan, the next day his psychiatrist back at the hospital receives a postcard from him. the message on the card is, i think very much like the average individual's reaction to the present very high rate of change, the card from the depressive on holiday reads: "having a wonderful time. why?"
• "today thanks to the reductionist hangover and the fact that we're only at the start of this information revolution we still do things like that: through intermediaries. i mean take for example, representative democracy^*.
  
  if you think about it, it's a perfect 18th century answer to an 18th century problem: lousy dangerous roads, and no telecommunications. so you find a couple of fools with time spare and a horse, and you send them up the dangerous roads to the capital to represent the local hayseats.
  
  the road is so dangerous that they're not coming back the next day and say "have you changed your minds?" so regular but infrequent return journeys are arranged.
  
  after a number of decades, these horse owning fools become known as politicians, and their return journeys: elections.
  
  300 years later, we have perfect roads and telecommunications coming out of your ears, and the same lumbering, un-representetive 18th century system.
  
  and as for political choice: would we accept only two flavors from baskin-robbins? "
• "representative democracy and any other form of intermediary structure, and that's more or less every social institution, will not survive in a world where individualism has a meaning for the first time. centralized authority, charismatic leaders with silver tongues and well hidden track records won't survive when it's easy for your agent to take a closer look.
  
  persuasion is much harder when the audience is well informed as i know to my cost. and it's going to become even harder. you give people an inch, they take a mile. and the only systems who have been in operation up until now in our cultural scarcity have always offered less than an inch.
  
  people's electronic agents are going to want more than that. they're going to want in on the game. all the way in. and that's going to bring a bigger change than anything so far. and if history is anything to go by, it isn't going to be easy because first of all, institutions are not going to give up power willingly. and second, because of that transitional phase i mentioned before. the fact that through history technology has increasingly moved faster than the social processes can keep up.
  
  a lot of corporations today are handling this problem in what used to be called the "skyscraper mode" you know the story of the guy who falls from the top of the skyscraper as he falls past the 77th floor somebody shouts out "how are you doing?" he replies, now past the 55th floor, "so far, so good""